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Glossary of Terms

A

Aroma: The scent or smell of a cannabis plant, often described in terms of specific notes like citrus, pine, or skunk.

Autoflowering: Cannabis strains that flower automatically based on age rather than light cycles.

Auxins: Plant hormones that play a key role in the regulation of plant growth and development.

Aeroponics: A method of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of soil or an aggregate medium.

B

Bud: The flower of the cannabis plant that is harvested for its high concentration of cannabinoids.

BHO (Butane Hash Oil): A cannabis extract made using butane as a solvent to extract cannabinoids and terpenes from the plant material.

Blasting: Slang term for the process of making BHO or other solvent-based cannabis extracts.

Breeding: The process of crossing different cannabis strains to produce a new strain with specific desired traits.

Bubble Hash: A cannabis concentrate made by using ice water to separate the trichomes from the plant material.

C

Cannabinoids: Chemical compounds found in cannabis that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system, including THC and CBD.

CBD (Cannabidiol): A non-psychoactive cannabinoid known for its therapeutic properties.

CFL (Compact Fluorescent Light): A type of lighting used for growing cannabis, known for being energy-efficient and suitable for small grow spaces.

Cloning: The process of creating genetically identical plants by taking cuttings from a mother plant.

CO2 Extraction: A method of extracting cannabinoids and terpenes from cannabis using carbon dioxide as a solvent.

Cola: The main cluster of buds at the top of a cannabis plant.

Curing: The process of slowly drying cannabis buds after harvest to enhance flavor and potency.

D

Decarboxylation: The process of heating cannabis to activate cannabinoids, making them bioavailable for consumption.

Dioecious: A plant species having distinct male and female individuals.

E

Endocannabinoid System: A biological system in the human body that interacts with cannabinoids and regulates various physiological processes.

Edibles: Food products infused with cannabis extracts.

Ebb and Flow: A hydroponic system where plants are periodically flooded with nutrient solution and then allowed to drain.

F

Feminized Seeds: Cannabis seeds that are bred to produce only female plants, which are the ones that produce buds.

Flowering Stage: The phase of the cannabis plant life cycle when it produces flowers or buds.

Full Spectrum: Refers to cannabis extracts that contain a wide range of cannabinoids and terpenes found in the original plant.

G

Genotype: The genetic makeup of a cannabis plant, which determines its growth characteristics and chemical profile.

Germination: The process of a seed sprouting and beginning to grow into a plant.

H

Hemp: A variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for industrial uses, containing less than 0.3% THC.

Hydroponics: A method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water.

HPS (High-Pressure Sodium): A type of lighting commonly used in cannabis cultivation known for its high efficiency and long lifespan.

I

Indica: One of the primary types of cannabis plants, known for its short, bushy appearance and sedative effects.

Indoor Grow: Cultivating cannabis plants indoors using artificial lighting and climate control.

Isolate: A pure form of a single cannabinoid, such as CBD isolate.

K

Kief: The resinous trichomes of cannabis that can be collected and used to make concentrates.

L

Limonene: A common terpene in cannabis known for its citrus scent and potential therapeutic benefits.

LST (Low-Stress Training): A technique used to manipulate the shape and growth of cannabis plants to increase yields.

Landrace: A local variety of cannabis that has adapted to the specific conditions of its geographic location over time.

M

Micropropagation: A method of rapidly multiplying cannabis plants using tissue culture techniques.

Mother Plant: A cannabis plant that is kept in the vegetative stage and used for taking cuttings to produce clones.

N

Nutrients: Essential minerals and compounds required for cannabis plant growth, often provided in liquid or powder form.

O

Organic Growing: Cultivating cannabis using natural fertilizers and pest control methods without synthetic chemicals.

P

Phenotype: The observable characteristics of a cannabis plant, influenced by its genotype and environment.

Photoperiod: The light cycle that a cannabis plant is exposed to, which can trigger the flowering stage in photoperiod strains.

Pruning: The process of trimming and removing parts of a cannabis plant to improve growth and yield.

R

Resin: A sticky substance produced by cannabis plants that contains cannabinoids and terpenes.

Ruderalis: A subspecies of cannabis known for its auto-flowering characteristics, often used in breeding autoflowering strains.

S

Sativa: One of the primary types of cannabis plants, known for its tall, slender appearance and stimulating effects.

SCROG (Screen of Green): A training technique where plants are guided to grow through a screen, maximizing light exposure and yield.

Solventless: Cannabis extracts made without the use of chemical solvents, such as rosin.

Strain: A specific variety of cannabis with distinct characteristics, including appearance, aroma, and cannabinoid content.

T

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): The primary psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis responsible for the “high” effect.

Terpenes: Aromatic compounds found in cannabis that contribute to its scent and flavor, and may have therapeutic effects.

Topical: Cannabis-infused products applied to the skin for localized relief.

Topping: A pruning technique where the top of the plant is cut to promote bushier growth.

Trichomes: Tiny, glandular hairs on cannabis flowers that produce and store cannabinoids and terpenes.

V

Vegetative Stage: The phase of the cannabis plant life cycle focused on growing leaves and stems before flowering.

Vaporizer: A device used to heat cannabis to a temperature that releases cannabinoids and terpenes without combustion.

W

Water Cure: A method of curing cannabis buds by submerging them in water to remove chlorophyll and impurities.

Wick System: A type of passive hydroponic system that uses a wick to draw nutrient solution to the plant roots.

Y

Yield: The total amount of cannabis produced from a plant or grow operation.